Python Tutorial

Simple to start, powerful to grow.

1. Introduction to Python

  • Python is an interpreted, high-level programming language.
  • It emphasizes readability and simplicity.
  • Common uses: Web development (Django, Flask), Data Science, Automation, and Scripting.

2. Setting Up Python

  1. Download Python:
  2. Install an IDE:
    • Use IDLE (comes with Python) or install VS Code, PyCharm, or Jupyter Notebook.

3. Writing Your First Python Program

Open a Python file (e.g., example.py) and write:

Run the program:

  • In the terminal: python example.py.

4. Variables and Data Types

  • Variables store data values.
  • Python is dynamically typed, meaning you don’t need to declare the type.

Example:

5. Operators

Python supports several types of operators:

  1. Arithmetic Operators: +, -, *, /, ** (power), % (modulus)
  2. Comparison Operators: ==, !=, >, =,
  3. Logical Operators: and, or, not

Example:

6. Conditional Statements

Control the flow of your program using if, elif, and else.

Example:

7. Loops

Loops allow you to repeat a block of code.

For Loop:

While Loop:

8. Functions

Functions are reusable blocks of code.

Example:

9. Lists and Dictionaries

Lists:

  • Ordered collection of items.

Dictionaries:

  • Key-value pairs.

10. File Handling

Python makes it easy to work with files.

Write to a File:

Read from a File:

11. Practice Examples

  1. Simple Calculator:

Guess the Number Game:

Next Steps

  1. Practice coding small projects (e.g., To-Do App, Mini Games).
  2. Learn advanced topics like:
    • Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
    • Modules and Packages
    • Libraries like NumPy and Pandas.